Steam-boiler



4 Sheets-Sheet l.. W. E. KELLY.

STEAM BOILR.l

(No Model.)

No. 397,130. 'Patented Feb. 5., 1889.

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W. E. KELLY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 397,130. Patented Peb.' 5,1889.

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STEAM BOILER.

No. 397,130. 'Patented Feb. 5, 1889.

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UNiTnn STATES PATENT TTTCE.

WILLAM E. KELLY, OF NEV BRUNSVICK, NEV JERSEY.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 397,130, dated February 5, 1889. Application filed September 22, 1888. Serial No. 286,101. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. KELLY, of New alrunswick, in the county of Middlesex, in the State oi' New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvemeutin Steam Boilers or Generators, ol which the following is a speciiication.

I will describe a boiler embodying' my improvement in detail, and then point out the various novel features in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional elevation ot' a steam boiler or generator embodying' my improvement. Fig. 2is a partly-sectional front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken at the plane of the dotted line oc, Fig'. 2. Fig. et is a horizontal section of certain parts, taken at the plane of the dotted line Iy y, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a front view ol two headers of the steam boilerorgenerator. The upper of these headers has the front covers removed. The lower has but one oi' its covers removed. Fig'. G is a vertical section of this header, taken at the plane of the dotted line .e .2', Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical section ot' this header, taken at the dotted line 'n' 11',Fig'. Fig. S is a horizontal section of certain parts of this header. Fig'. 9 is a vertical section of a similar header, illustrating a modification. Fig. 'l0 is a front elevation of two similar headers. The upper one has one of its covers removed. The lower one has the entire front removed, and is therefore shown in section. Fig. 1l is a vertical section taken at the plane of the dotted line c o, Fig'. l0. l2 a vertical section of a similar header, taken as indicated by the dotted line u u, Fig. lO, illustrating a modiiication. Fig'. 13 is a vertical section of a header of another form embodying the improvement. Fig. 14 is aI sectional front view of this header. Fig'. l5 is a front view of two headers, each of which is of substantially-triangular shape, an intermediate header being illustrated in dotted outline and an intermediate tube or nipple being illustrated in full outline.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the vligures.

ers A, connected to the ends of these tubes and connected together up and down in series by means of nipples, and a drum, C, arranged above the inclined tubes and headers and connected near the ends to the headers.

The headers A in all the figures, excepting only Figs. 13, le, and l5, are severally of an `approximately-rhomboidal shape, having a vparallel top and bottom, a a2, parallel 1nclined side portions, a a", vertical side por tions, o. a, above the inclined side portions, and vertical side portions, alas, below the inclined side portions. Each rhomboidal header has a transverse brace consisting of an inclinedportion, o, a vertical portion, am, above the inclined portion, and a vertical portion, o, below the inclined portion. Each rhomboidal header is divided by said transverse brace into two substantially-triangular portions. The form of header shown in Fig'. l5 corresponds with one of the two triangular portions of the rhomboidal header, being substantially of triangular shape.

Each of the rhomboidal headers has two triangular openings, am cl3. The fronts oi' the headers adjacent to these openings are faced suitably to receive covers A of triangular shape. It will be seen that the triangular openings of each of these headers are reversed, so that the apex of one will extend upwardly and a corresponding angle or corner of the other will extend downwardly.

Tubes B are secured to the backs of the headers. These tubes will preferably be secured to the headers by being' expanded into the same. It will be seen that there are six of these tubes secured to each of the rhomboidal headers, and that they are so disposed as to be staggered. It will be observed that three of the six are opposite each of the triangular openings of the header.

Not only is there a circulation between the tubes connected to different headers through the nipples, but also between the six tubes of each header. The latter feature is advantageous, because the circulation is thereby more nearly equalized.

The header illustrated in Fig. l5 is substantially triangular in form, it having a top, of', a bottom, a2, two converging inclined side portions, a3 a4, two vertical side portions, a5

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ai, above the inclined side portions, di d", and two vertical side portions, (if (is, below'the inclined side portioi'is, di" e". This triangular header has one substantially-triangular opening, a, in t-he it' ront. F itted to this is a single triangular cover, A.

Three tubes, i3, are secured to the lback oi? this triangular header.` They are (lisposcd in the position of the apiees ot a triangle, and are opposite the triangular opening in the front oi' the header.

I have in liig. l5 illustrated two headers arranged one above another at sueh a distance apartthat another header can be placed intermediate oli' them, as indicated in dotted lines. I have shown in this view that a header can be entirely removed and replaced by a tube, I), inserted and expani'led in the holes with which the tubes and drums ot' the headers are provided [or the nipples, which are emplifryed to secure adjacent headers together when they are arrangei'l in continuous series one innnediately above another. This tube 1) will .not be used as a permanent part oi the structure, but merely as a connection between two headers when an internn-.idiate header is removed lwcause ot' some detect in .it or in the tubes l secured thereto. It is a connection which enables the owner ot a boiler to use it even after an accident to one ot the headers or one or more of the tubes connected to it.

In Figs. i2) and l-i I have illustratec'l a header, which may be oi' rectangular shape, made substantially in the form oi' a lon g horizontally-extending box. It is shown as having tubes B connected to the back in one row. Opposite each tube B a hand-hole, d, is shown as arranged. A cover, A, is applied to this open ing. The cover A in this instance is shown as ol an ellipsoidal form.

Having now given a general idea ot' the style oi.' boiler which l have selected to illustrate my improvement and explained some oi the many lforms of headers in which certain features ot' m y im provem en t m ay be embodied, I will now take up those features of the improvement which relate to the manner of securing the covers of the headers in place.

The left-hand compartment of the upper header (shown in Fig. 5, and also appearing .in Fig. t) is represented as having a suitablyshaped eye, E, secured to the back. The en ds of this eye are shown as enlarged, and are secured to the metal forming the back of the header by casting such metal around them. The rounded port-ion of theeye extends into the interior of the header.

F is a bolt provided at the rear end with ar The left-hand compartment oi the lower header (represented in Fig. 5, and also appearing in Fig. i3) has a large eye, E', secured to the back. This eye is made in the t'orm, ol' a ring with a shank. The shank has an enlarged end. The metal Al'orrning the back ot the header is cast around the enlarged end ot" the shank to secure the eye in place. 'I he bolt F ot' this compartlnei1t ot' the header is short and has at the inner end a hook capable ot' engaging with the eye lil. The outer end oi' this bolt is sci ewed-threaded and has a nnt, (i, applied to it. rille eye is eoneeiltrie with the nipple-holes and so large as not to interfere with the expanding-tool employed to secure the nipples.

'lhe right-hand compartment ot' the upper header (shown in Fig. 7) has two el1 .e,l -pieces or lugs, E?, secured to it. 'l'hese two lugs are iformed together, with a space betwetm them. The structure ot' which they form part is provided with a fianged or enlarged end, and is secured to the back ol.l the header by casting the metal ot' the header around it. The bolt F2 ot' this compartment is provideifl with an eye. A pin, ll, passes through the lugs 'E2 and through the eye ot' the bolt F2, so as to secure the bolt detachably to the back ol the header. The `front end of the bolt is externally screw-threaded and has a nut, (l, applied to it out-side the eover. l he combination oi' parts last described is also illustrated in Fig. 7.

The right-hand compartment ot' the lower header (shown in Fig. 5) has a cover secured to it by means illustrated best in Figs. 7 and 8.

E3 El designate two hooks having enlarged ends. ing the metal i'orming the back ot' the header around their enlarged ends. The hooks are so arranged as to cross each other-in other words so that the hooked extremity ot' one hook will, extend downwardly and thehooked extremity ol the other hook will extend upwardly. ',lhese two hooks are arranged some litt-le distance apart, as may be best understood by reference to Fig. 8.

F3 designates a bolt provided at one end with an eye and at the other end with an external screw-thread. This eye may be inserted between the two hooks E3 E"l and then twisted so as to engage with both hooks. screw -threaded end of this bolt extends through the cover and hasapplied to its outerend a nut, G.

In the upper part oi' Fig. il I have/shown an eye, E, secured to the back of the header. This eye is quite a small one. lts shank has an enlarged rear end. lhe metal forming the back of thc header is cast around the shank to secure ,it in place. A bolt, Ii, :is provided at the rear end with a hook adapted to engage with the eye E5. The outer end ot' the bolt I1` 1 is screw-threaded and extends through the cover of the header. Outside the cover it has combined with it a nut, The eye, being small and arranged outoi' They are secured to the headerby east- The .TOO

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the line of the nipple-holes, is not in the way of the expander-tool employed to secure the nipples.

The lower header (shown in Fig. 9) has a single hook, E, secured to its back. This hook is represented as secured in place by casting around its shank the metal :forming the back of the header. A bolt, F5, is provided at one end with an eye adapted to engage with the hook E, The outer end et' the bolt F5 is externally screw-threaded, and has combined with it outside the cover a nut, G.

The upper header (illustrated in Figs, l0 and ll) is provided with three hooks, ET E8 E9. These are shown as made together or as a triple hook. The shank has an enlarged end, and is represented as secured to the back of the header by casting around it the metal t'ormiug the back of the header. From these hooks Ei lEs E bolts F F7 F8 extend. These bolts are provided at the rear ends with eyes engaging with the hooks ET ES E. The bolts all diverge outwardly and extend through the cover. Their outer ends are screw-threaded externally, and have combined with them nuts G.

The left-hand compartment of the lower header (shown in Fig. l0, and appearing also in Fig. ll) has threehooks, El" E11 El?. These hooks are secured to the back of the header. They are shown as secured by having the metal cast around their shanks. They are arranged to converge toward the front of the header. A bolt, F", is provided at the rear end with. a triple hook. Links I engage with thetriple hook et' this bolt and with the hooks E10 Eu El?. The outer end of the bolt F9 is externally screw-threaded, and has combined with it a nut, G.

The right-hand compartment of thc lower header (shown in Fig. lo, and also appearing in Fig. l2) has three hooks,E13 EH El, secured .to its back-in the present instance by casting the metal in the back ot' the shanks around the hooks. The shanks of these hooks extend directly forward, as these hooks do not converge. Bolts Fw, provided at the rear end with eyes, engage with these hooks, extend directly forward through the cover, and outside the cover have nuts G combined with them. These bolts, with their appurtenances, serve to secure the cover at three points.

In Fig. ll I have shown, as before stated, a header consisting, essentially, ot' a long rectangular box combined with a number of tubes, B, disposed in a single row and provided with a hand-hole opening and cover at the front opposite each tube. I have shown two hooks, El E, secured to the back of this header-one above and one below the end of a tube, B. Links I engage with these hooks. It will be seen from Fig. 1S that the hooks E16 E1T converge forwardly. The links I also con* verge forwardly. A bolt, F, is provided at the rear end with an eye, to which the links I are secured. The forward end of this bolt is screw-threaded and extends through the nations of parts shown for that purpose in the other figures.

It will be seen that in all the examples of the improvement Vfor securing the covers of headers in place I provide a detachable connection between the bolts and the rear of the header or an appurtenance ot' the latter.

Although I have shown but one way of securing to theback of the header those devices with which the bolts are to engage-namely, the method of securing the same by casting the met-al ot' the header around them-I do not wish to be restricted to this method of securing such devices, Afor obviously there are other appropriate ways. For instance, the device might have screw-threaded shanks and engage with tapped holes'in the backs of the headers.

I will now turn to Vfeatures of my im provement embodied in other parts of the boiler.

It will be observed that at the upper end of the front series ot' headers, A, a saddle or long header, K, is arranged. This is provided with openings opposite the compartments of the several headers A immediatelybelow it. Nipples 7@ are secured in these openings and in corresponding openings with which the adjacent headers A are provided. Preferably these nipples are secured by expanding their end portions. Opposite the openings in the header or saddle li, which are over the openings oi' the outermost compartments of the adjacent headers A, I have provided turrets 7e. These turrets are to accommodate the mandrel of the expander when the mandrel is inserted from the adjacent compartment ol the contiguous header A. The expander may be seen in position at the right-hand end of the saddle K in Fig. 2. A loose sleeve, k2, is shown as inserted in the saddle to afford a bearing for the expander during the expanding operation. The front of the saddle is provided with hand-holes having covers removably secured in place. There is afhand-hole and cover in thc front of the saddle in. the same vertical plane with the turret k. Such hand-hole covered by a cover, 7e3. This cover may bc secured in place by means ot' a bolt and a crow-bar extendingl across the hand-hole within the saddle. Each end of the saddle is also provided with a handhole tlttedwitha cover, la", which may be secured as just described. The saddle is also provided in the front with other hand-holes fitted with covers J".

The turrets are advantageous because they afford provision :for using' an expander inserted from below and accessible through the large hand-hole of the adjacent header A. The loose sleeves k2 afford suitable bearings for the expander. The hand-holes at the front in line with the turrets and those at the ends of the saddle afford opportunity for wit- IOO IIO

nessing the operation performed with the eX- pander. Y .l (see particularly Figs. l, i il, and designates standards or columns extendhig vertimlly upward at opposite points. Two are represented as arranged on each side of the boiler. Between eaeh two \\'hiel1 are on the same side ol` 111e boiler a brace, J', is shown as extendml. lt consists ot' a 4tube bearing against the opposite laces ol' thel sta111'lards o1^ -ol1111111s and a holt extending through 111e -ol1111111s and through this tube. 1`11e ('o11111111swhich are opposite each other on dil'terent sides of the boiler are similarly connu-hed hvhraees .1. 'lhe columns .l have secured lo them neartheir upper ends brackets J. Thesebraekeis are seeurwl to the inner surfaces o1l the siam'lards or eo11111111s. They are providml with inwardly-exlending portions j. These.i11wardly-extend111g portions are provided with cavities j', in which are litted rollers j?. Above the rollers are loose plates/1. Brackets or arms C are seenred to the sides ol' the shell (l, and extend outwardly over the inwardly-extending portions] ol' the braekets 1. The arms (1 have cavities in their under sides. These cavities are omrnxsite ihef'avit ies'j o1.' the bmekets Ji. The loose platesjare located within the cavities ot' the brackets or arms (V. The brackets or arms C are ln'ovided with set-sermvs C2, extending through them and bearing upon the looseplatesj). This combination oi part-s g aliiords a convenient means lorsnpporting the f wrought-iron or similar nn'iterial fastened to the back of the header by havin g the metal of the back of the header east around it, substantially as specified.

2. In a boiler, the combination, with the hack otl a header, ot' an eye-co1'1neetion l'or a bolt provided with a shank having an enlarged end, said eye being secured to the back ot the header byhavingthe111etalof the back ot the header cast around the shank, substantial1y as s1j1eeiIie1'l.

21. ,ln aboiler,theeo11111i11atio11,withaheader having a detachable cover, ot' a bolt tor seeurin the cover, an eye at the rear end of the holt, and crossed hooks secured to the back ot the header, substantially as specified.

111. ln a boiler, the eo11'1bination of a longi- 1udinally-exteruling drum or shell, Watertuhes, series of headers at the ends ot' the tubes, and a transverse saddle arranged between a series of headers and the drum or shell, and ljiroyided with openings opposite the headers innnef'liately below and turrets above such ope11i11gs, substantially as specitied.

5. ln a boiler, the combination of a longitndinally-extending drum or shell, Watertubes, series ot' headers at the ends of the tubes, and a transverse saddle arranged between a series ot headers and the drum or shell, and provided with openings opposite the headers immediately below, turrets above such openings, hand-holes in the front in line with the turrets, and handholes at the ends, substantially as specified.

6. In a boiler, the combination, with a drum or shell provided with laterally-extending brackets or arms, of standards or columns provided with nwardly-extending brackets, rollers between the brackets of the columns and the brackets or arms of the druln or shell, loose plates bearing upon these rollers, and adjustingserews extending through one pair of brackets or arms and impinging upon the loose plates, substantially as specified;

Y'VILLlAlll E. KELLY. lVitnesses:

C. A'riiiNsoN, GEORGE 'VENABLn 

